小议 but 的用法
2015年7月02日 11:34 作者:尹灿荣
小议 but 的用法
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B+~@N2ygV S0尹灿荣 云南省宾川县第三完全中学
8d{[F6Dz8c0“but”一词是中学英语的一个重要词汇,它的语义非常丰富,中国论文网"W0n$ckgA
用法灵活多变,复现率也相当高,有时会起着对句意理解或试题
[,XH3q&G$N3Q.L0解答判断的关键作用。为了弄清楚 but 的基本用法,本文就 but中国论文网7sg8MZB+X k'Q
的各种用法作一归纳和小结。中国论文网"B%f-AHp h![Q*u
一、用作连词。意为“而,但是,可是”等,表示语义的转
-y!v%{7Yi!p0折。可以连接两个并列成分或两个并列分句。如:中国论文网I8vfX(t9p W
It has no arms,but its hands turn round and round.中国论文网;L%IdRpXg7z@]F
Mary likes classical music,but her husband likes rock music.
g6v$Lk?0V5kg5TJ0He is young but very experienced.
G!LY SbG0To the world you may be one, but to me you may be the world. (对
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A0世界而言,你是一个人,但对于我个人,你是我的世界。)中国论文网P-O)[7`t1BhHo
It was a sunny but not very hot day.
V0H#C6m~1k0注意:but 不能与 though,although 连用,因为,它们是连词,
1JhX9yNIC%@'c0故不能同时出现在句中。如汉语可以说“虽然他是个孩子,但却
$z$s4?c4K7M(U8Z0b%b0懂得很多。 ” 英语可译为: Although he is only a child, he knows a lot.中国论文网.HD Q?,C7z`
或 He is only a child,but he knows a lot.不能译为:Although he is only中国论文网0U${#ga7FY3H\i(Im2S
a child,but he knows a lot.
rj8a,r._n,ST0二、用作介词。意为“除…..之外”,常与 no,nothing,all,中国论文网'^9Be(y*{
everyone,everything,anybody,anything,none 等表示整体概念的
{Xr e4\"B;U0词连用,或置于疑问词 what,who,whoever 等之后。如:中国论文网;Y;jV3nFG7r
The crew of the ship gave them nothing but bread to eat.(船上的
G`-J].N2R0工作人员,除了面包外什么也不给他们吃。)中国论文网#@m9d!COK
Who but a fool would do that?(除了傻瓜谁还会干那事?)
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aO0I know them all but two.(他们当中我只有两个不认识。)
|P)la&\4\(\C0He wanted nothing but to stay here another day.(他只想在这儿中国论文网r`0o_^-un
再呆一天。)
p@8{M'E]$l0注意:but 后经常跟不定式作介词宾语,一般都要带不定式
[,W;qvo5a0符号 to,但 but 前若有 do,did,but 后的不定式就不带不定式符
1m ?V ruM+^x0号 to 了。如:
8Tc9]BCm.}0O0I can do nothing but let him know.(我只能通知他了。)
X h)ljBO&h'a%Nx0三、用作副词。意为“仅仅,只是”,相当于 only。
jHF1dy^7E0You have but choices --- follow me or refuse me.(你只有两个
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l+`U,Q0选择,要么跟着我,要么拒绝我。)
M9h3RgR:Fj$E0She is but a child.(她只不过是个小孩。)中国论文网tj[`b-D1I~lh$u
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His argument is but a fallacy.(他的论点只是一中谬论。)
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句,but 本身无意义。如:
Nv&y@3nH0Excuse me,but are you Mr.Smith?中国论文网d1|c%o$?C"sHEXJh
Forgive my asking,but you’re not very happy,are you?(恕我
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五、由 but 构成的常用短语和结构
d"LB u6a{01.but for “多亏…..,要不是……”,多用于虚拟语气。中国论文网*E:e(n*xu,?H
I couldn’t have made so rapid progress but for the English teacher.
&DjAVpy-d B0(多亏了英语老师,我才有这么大的进步。)中国论文网+?-E8}0W iGC
2.not only……but also…… “不但……而且……”。并列两
8Aa2A*uF0个成分或两个句子,并列主语时,谓语动词的数要与毗邻的主语
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dp)][@b!pf0保持一致。如:中国论文网;f WUK$rx
Not only you but also he is right.中国论文网!i+_,Ht\1S
3.not…..but…..“不是…..而是…..”
*rlnfuD)j0They were not the bones of an animal,but of a human being.(那中国论文网Lo/v2L7K3tI3^
不是动物的骨头,而是人的骨头。)中国论文网s9m
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Not you but I am to blame.(不是你的错,而是我的错。)
0K9`6_wVGi1s04、but that “要不是……,若非……”,常用于虚拟语中国论文网"i1U2|;M {*Q
气。中国论文网 AG6sq*[7aI
But that I saw it,I could not have believed it.(若非亲眼所见,
,`"M#sY-`;p X&WK)arF0我绝不相信。)
caq M4u$\t#X05.but then “ 但另一方面…..”,“不过…..”
-jU(H/t3E t5@ eh0We love each other deeply,but then we cannot get married.(我
RNPXK ]x&It:{/[0们彼此相爱不过我们不能结婚。)中国论文网%q E m]w
6.never…..but 每当…….就
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B*D`8N0Her brother never comes,but he asks her for money.(她兄弟来
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Aj|SigF0时总向她要钱。)中国论文网C}a.q!qW\w
7.no…..but 虽然,尽管,没有…..不中国论文网
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No child but likes Old Li in our village. (我们村的小孩没有不喜中国论文网,Pi`'R1t#q(R5a*m@
欢老李的。)中国论文网 BN8r
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8.no one but 除了…..外,谁也不….中国论文网tO#NsvC xk
No one but a fool believes it.(只有傻瓜才相信。)
-v I:q'a8V09.can but 只能,只好
#B D-}/p8V'U4AQ0The old lady could but walk slowly with a sick.(那老太只能柱着中国论文网"Nt pcFDI
拐杖慢慢地走。)中国论文网MAe[~
10.can not but 不由得,忍不住中国论文网 Y}q:r5J1J
I could not but tell him about it.(我不由得告诉他这事。)中国论文网&x/l&GS.^N6a#P7A
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11.cannot choose but….不得不,必须
Csh{GZw:wm2xO$?0They could not choose but obey. (他们只好服从了, 别无选择。 )中国论文网.Qn0~Nq z@ N
12.cannot help but 不能不, 不得不
;fcBWa%|%s0I can not help but be sorry.(我不能不感到遗憾。)中国论文网ZH(Tm
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13.nothing but 只不过,仅仅
!t['[b/Z6XQ4g8a0She is nothing but a housewife.(她只不过是个家庭主妇。)
d9~p!`5W&d*@q014.nothing……but 除了……..中国论文网F7CkQ1d#k q
Nothing would do but he should be here. (一切无用,除非他来。)
e/weA2[|$E8\015.anything but 不见得,绝非中国论文网-rpS%I.K\X5b"Bb"e
I was anything but angry.(我一点也不生气。)
W P6KA\7n8f0通过以上的归纳,我们对 but 的用法有了全面的了解,清楚
0j5u ]p}u:j0了 but 各种词性的使用,了解了 but 常用的习惯搭配。我们在阅
*a"Y0W&_!B_*eO u8R8VY0读或使用时,切莫粗心,一定要看清结构,明白 but 在句中的成中国论文网2Ox TxIp\3ab s.Q
分或搭配,才能准确的理解句意,正确的判断试题。