【摘要】 目的:分析在田径运动会中大学生运动损伤的原因,以便寻找合理的预防和实践依据。方法:采用问卷调查、访谈、数理统计、分析比较、逻辑分析等方法调查 455名运动员运动损伤的发生情况及其发生损伤的原因、受损伤的部位和发生损伤的参赛项目。结果:455名运动员发生运动损伤42名,男性发生率 (7.31%)低于女性(11.48%),发生损伤主要原因为准备活动不充分(38.10%)、对运动项目特点认识不够(28.57%)及运动员训练水平不够(23.80%);损伤发生部位主要为踝部(28.57%)、大腿(19.05%)、肩部(16.67%)、膝部(14.29%)和小腿 (11.90%);损伤发生的参赛项目主要有跨栏(26.19%),其次为跳跃、投掷和短跑等项目。结论:大学生运动损伤发生率与运动项目、发生部位有一定关系,踝部为损伤多发部位,跨栏、跳跃、投掷等项目易发生损伤,引起运动损伤的主要原因是运动员身体素质差、运动技术不熟练以及体育相关理论知识少,建议在体育教学和训练中,采用多媒体等现代教学手段加强运动技术教学,注重训练学生基本身体素质,增加运动生理和解剖等体育相关理论知识教学,以预防和减少运动损伤的发生。
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{E%HfC0【关键词】 田径;运动员;运动会;运动损伤
中国论文网$c:}'eZj `s7h$s,bA&h9Kjh0 [ABSTRACT] Objective: To explore effective prevention methods and provide practical evidence by analyzing the cause for athletic injury in university students' track?and?field sports meeting. Methods: With several ways such as questionnaire, interview, comparison and analyze, investigated the incidence of athletic injury of 455 athletes and explore the cause, injury place and competition events. Results: 42 athletes got injury. The incidence of male (7.3%) was lower than female (11.48%). The main reasons were inadequate warm?up activities (38.10%), lack of knowledge about athletic event (28.57%) and insufficient training (23.80%). The main injury places were ankle (28.57%), thigh (19.05%), shoulder (16.67%), knee (14.29%) and leg (11.90%). Besides, the main project was hurdle (26.19%), followed by jumping, throwing and running. Conclusion: The incidence of injury is relative to athletic projects and injury place. Ankle is the most frequent segment, while hurdle, jumping and throwing are the most frequent projects. It is suggested that strengthening the teaching of athletic technology by modern teaching methods such as multimedia, emphasizing the training of basic physical quality, enhancing the physical education about relative knowledge such as exercise physiology can prevent and reduce the incidence of injury.
H$j*oaw0H"yX/C-p e%X0快速发表论文 :j*J,qE}Y#K%w0 [KEY WORDS] Track?and?field; Athlete; Sports meeting; Athletic injury
中国论文网5z CJ({y;pLj中国论文网e1^"S|`~%r 运动损伤是指体育运动中造成人体组织或器官在解剖上的破坏或生理上的紊乱,按时间可分为:新伤和旧伤,按病程可分为急性损伤和慢性损伤,按性质可分为开放性损伤和闭合性损伤,按程度可分为轻度、中度损伤和重伤[1]。运动损伤不仅会损害人体健康,降低人们体育活动的积极性,而且会影响正常的生活、学习。本文对海南医学院第四届运动会学生运动员运动损伤情况是行调查分析,总结运动会运动员发生损伤的原因,提出预防建议,为运动比赛中运动损伤的预防、医务监督提供理论和实践依据,以减少体育比赛活动中损伤的发生。
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