掌握Walking Words 轻松变换句型

掌握Walking Words  轻松变换句型

  牛雅茹

（沛县郝寨中学，江苏  徐州  221617）

摘  要：“Walking Words”，常见的有下面二十个：can、could、will、would、shall、should、may、might、must、have、has、had、am、is、are、was、were、do、does、did。这些Walking Words包括了几乎所有的情态动词和助动词。学生熟记并掌握了这些“Walking Words”，在将肯定句变换为否定句或疑问句时，就会轻松自如。

关键词：Walking Words；变换句型；方法步骤

中图分类号：G633    文献标识码：A        文章编号：

教学中，同学们在做句型变换题时，常常出错，尤其是在变肯定句为否定句或疑问句时，迟迟不敢落笔。在对大量的练习研究中，我发现，只要同学们能掌握常见的Walking Words ，变换句型就会很轻松。

这里所说的“Walking Words”，常见的有下面二十个：can、could、will、would、shall、should、may、might、must、have、has、had、am、is、are、was、were、do、does、did。这些Walking Words包括了几乎所有的情态动词和助动词。

同学们如果熟记并掌握了这些“Walking Words”，在将肯定句变换为否定句或疑问句时，就会轻松自如。利用这些“Walking Words”（可以走动的词）或“Lively Words”（活词）来进行变换句型时就会一路畅通，准确无误。

现将运用“Walking Words”变换句型的方法步骤总结如下：

一、将肯定句变为一般疑问句（Yes/No questions）

第一步：研读肯定句，看看是否有一个Green Word，若有，就将它挪到句子的开头，放在主语的前面。

例如：1 ) A monkey can climb the tree quickly .

        Can a monkey climb the tree quickly ?

      2 ) My father will come back in two months . 

        Will your father come back in two months

      3) Lucy could swim when she was six . 

Could Lucy swim when she was six ?

          4 ) We were watching TV at this time last night . 

Were you watching TV at this time last night ? 

          5 ) We should help each other . 

            Should we help each other ? 

          6 ) The students must keep the classroom clean . 

             Must the students keep the classroom clean ? 

          7 ) There are some books on the desk . 

            Are there any books on the desk ? 

          8 ) We shall meet at the school gate tomorrow . 

             Shall we meet at the school gate tomorrow ? 

          9 ) We had learned two thousand words by the end of last term . 

             Had you learned two thousand words by the end of last term ? 

          10 ) The students may listen to music after school . 

             May the student listen to music after school ?

第二步：若没有Walking Words，就从do、does、did这三个词中选出一个（谓语动词是第三人称单数形式，就用does；谓语动词是过去式，就用did；否则就用do）。这样句子中就有了一个“Walking Words”，然后将它放在句子的开头，主语的前面就可以了。

例如：1 ) I often play football after school . 

        Do you often play football after school ? 

        I don’t often play football after school . 

2 ) Everyone in China likes moon cakes .

  Does everyone in China like moon cakes ? 

Everyone in China doesn’t like moon cakes . 

第三步：假如你选用了“do、does、did”中的某一词，那就必须将原句中的谓语动词变为动词原形。

例如：1)I like eating apples . 

Do you like eating apples ?

2) Tom wants to play football on the playground this afternoon . 

Does Tom want to play football on the playground this afternoon ? 

3) They went to the park yesterday . 

Did they go to the park yesterday ? 

第四步：依据要求变换标点符号，如1、把句末的句号变为问号，2、句首的第一个字母要大写，3、将原句首的第一个词的第一个字母变小写（假如该词是“I”或专有名词则不变）。

例如：1) She has lunch at school . 

        Does she have lunch at school ？ 

      2 ) I can have some bread .

Can I have some bread ? 

二、将肯定句变为特殊疑问句（Wh-questions）

第一步：确定是将句中那个成分提问。

例如：1）This is a new book .  ( What ) -------  What is this ? 

2） Tom likes apples .    (Who ) ------ Who likes apples ?

3） Those are my shoes under the bed . ( Whose )-----  Whose shoes are those ? 

4） Tom can’t come to school because he is ill .  ( Why )------ 

Why can’t Tom come to school ? 

第二步：假如是将句中的主语提问，那就用一个疑问词（Wh-word）代替主语，然后将句号变为问号。

例如：1) Something is wrong with my watch . 

       What is wrong with my watch ? 

2）A few of the students have pets in our class . 

       How many of the students have pets in our class ? 

3) They like watching TV in the evening . 

       Who likes watching TV in the evening ? 

第三步：假如是将句中主语以外的成分提问，那就先把原句（肯定句）改为一般疑问句。

第四步：将一个疑问词替换提问部分。

第五步：把该疑问词放在句首。

三、将肯定句变为否定句（Negative statements）

第一步：查找肯定句中是否有“Walking Words”。发现有，就在该“Walking Words”后面加上not。

例如：1 ) I am a student now . 

         I am not a student now . 

      2 )Lily can swim . 

        Lily can’t swim . 

      3 ) I would like some bread . 

         I wouldn’t like any bread . 

      4 ) They have already seen the film . 

         They haven’t seen the film yet . 

第二步：若没有Walking Words，那就应该从“do、does、did”中选出一个合适的词。

例如：I don’t like eating apples .

 Tom doesn’t want to play football on the playground this afternoon . 

They didn’t go to the park yesterday . 

第三步：将这个词紧紧放在主要动词（Main Verb）之前，并在该词后面加上not。

例如：We don’t like these uninteresting book . 

第四步：假如句子用了“do、does、did”其中的某个词，那就要把原句中的主要动词变为动词原形。

例如：1) Tom often goes to school at seven every day .

         Does Tom often go to school at seven every day ?

         Tom doesn’t often go to school at seven every day . 

      2 ) They played football after school every day . 

 Did they play football after school every day ?

         They didn’t play football after school every day .

通过上述实践，我们不难发现“Walking Words”的确在把肯定句变为否定句或者疑问句时有一定的规律可循。只要我们熟练地掌握了上述步骤，并严格遵照这些步骤去做，变换这一类的句型就会感到很轻松。