功能对等理论视域下的《将仲子》三译本比较研究

 西南科技大学外国语学院/吕颖

《将仲子》是《诗经》里面《国风》中的一首古诗，主要讲述了一位女子劝说情郎不要翻越墙头相会，以免自己招致父兄责骂，邻里闲话。全诗由女主人公内心独白式的情语构成。虽从字面上只见女主人公的告求和疑惧，但诗行中却历历可见“仲子”的神情音容：那试图逾里、逾墙、逾园来会的鲁莽，那被劝止引发的不快，以及女主人公唯恐惊动自己的父母、兄弟、邻居而产生的既爱又怕、既惊又惧的情态，俱可于诗中得之。我国古代诗论，特别推重诗的“情中景”、“景中情”，《将仲子》所创造的，正是这种情中见景的高妙诗境。

本文以奈达的功能对等理论为基础对《将仲子》三译本进行比较研究。三译本如下：

Version 1

I Beg You, Zhongzi

杨宪益、戴乃迭

I beg you,Zhongzi,

Don’t climb into our yard,

Don’t break our willows!

Not that I mind about the willows,

But I am afraid of my father and mother.

Yes, much as I love you,

I am afraid of what my parents will say.

I beg you, Zhongzi,

Don’t climb over our wall,

Don’t break our mulberry trees!

Not that I mind about the mulberries,

But I am afraid of my brothers.

Yes, much as I love you,

I dread what my brothers will say.

I beg you, Zhongzi,

Don’t climb into our garden,

Don’t break our elms!

Not that I mind about the elms,

But I am afraid folk will gossip,

Yes, much as I love you,

I am afraid of their gossip.

Version 2

Prithee

汪榕培

Prithee, my dear sweet heart,

Don’t climb into our yard,

Nor break the willow branch!

It’s not for the branch I care;

My parents are o’er there!

You are deep in my heart,

But what my parents say

Will worry me all day.

Prithee, my dear sweet heat,

Don’t steal into our yard,

Nor break the mulberry branch!

It’s not for the branch I care;

My brothers are all there!

You are deep in my heart,

But what my brothers say

Will worry me all day.

Prithee, my dear sweet heart,

Don’t jump into our yard,

Nor break the sandal branch.

It’s not for the branch I care;

My kith and kin are there!

You are deep in my heart,

But what my family say

Will worry me all day.

Version 3

Ts?ang Chung-tsze

理雅各

I pray,Mr.Chung,

Do not come leaping into my hamlet;

Do not break my willow trees.

Do I care for them?

But I fear my parents.

You, O Chung,are to be loved,

But the words of my parents

Are also to be feared.

I pray you, Mr.Chung,

Do not come leaping over my wall;

Do not break my mulberry trees.

Do I care for them?

But I fear the words of my brothers.

You, O Chung,are to be loved,

But the words of my brothers

Are also to be feared.

I pray you Mr.Chung,

Do not come leaping into my garden;

Do not break my sandal trees.

Do I care for them?

But I dread the talk of people.